外教告诉你如何实现卓越口语

口语营 | 2015-08-28 15:44:13
摘要: The Key To Excellent Speaking
实现卓越口语的关键 What is the most important English skill? What skill must you have to communicate well?
最重要的英语技能是

  英语学习中,口语一直是困扰大多数人的问题。对于初学者尤其如此。理由归纳有三:缺乏语言环境;难以所学为所用;基础薄弱,词汇量少,句型单调。以下将对自身英语学习、教学中出现的问题和一些经验进行总结,希望能帮助更多人更有效合理的提高自己的英语口语水平。

  常听到英语学习者们抱怨自己不是在英语国家,没有语言环境。当然,我们不否认在英美国家生活对于英语口语的提高会起到潜移默化的作用。可是王铁人说过:“有条件要上,没有条件,创造条件也要上。”这对于英语口语学习尤其适用。做任何事情,若想要做好,关键就是一个决心。前辈们英语学得呱呱叫的例子不胜枚举,一本教科书,一部收音机,一台复读机,一本词典,也曾经成就过很多外交官。总言之,英语环境要自己创造,英语角,口语搭档,独自练习都不失为良策。在此主要说说独自练习的方法,因为其可操作性较强。

  强烈推荐把口语和听力结合起来一起练习。虽然如今的口语书籍种类繁多,功能各异,但是以本人之见,最好的口语来源莫过于各类场景的听力材料了。雅思听力(贴近生活,场景性强),托福听力(学术场景较多),英语电影(主题各异,口音不同),英语广播(BBC和VOA中的慢速英语比较适合初学者,可是更建议听地方之声的某些英语聊天节目)。在听力过程中,发音,句型,语速都可以得到很好的模仿。

  例如:雅思听力中会有这样的场景:The boom of the information economy has somewhat blindfolded the facts of the deteriorating health of our planet. 此话题是在陈述经济发展对于环境的影响,句中,词汇boom, blindfold, deterioration都可以补充到我们的口语中。同时,听力可以帮助我们更好的纠正发音,deterioration就是一例。最重要的,可能也是很多英语学习者都没有意识到的一点是,跟读听力中的长句子,既有利于我们在交际中跟上他人语速的flow,也有助于我们自身运用长句子的能力和表达中断句,语调的把握。

  对于教材问题,老师认为,所有你看到的英语都有可能成为你口语的素材。只要你每看到听到英文材料时,设想一下你会不会在某种情况下需要用到如此的表达,如果答案肯定,那么请记录在你的便签本上,平常多翻翻,多念念,甚至于总结下。比如设想下你自己的交际场景,总结下你可能用到的问句和答语。例如:在餐厅点菜,waiter可能问你:May I take your order? 你可能回答: Yes, I’ll take rice. Um, no, no, on second thought, bread. 此情况下,on second thought就应该是你总结的句型。口语资料中,选出自己要用的东西,活学活用才能事半功倍。所以,一定要多思考,预想你可能面临的场景。然后自己操练所有的role play。又如,去英语角前,你就该提前准备好自我介绍和至少一个你能够说上至少20分钟的话题。反复演练,然后再去和你的partner交流。谈话中,partners可能会引入更多此方面的话题,这样,你就又多了些素材了。

  以上就是笔者对于英语口语练习方法的一点小建议,英语口语不仅要从书本和听力中吸收已经提供给你的素材,更要设想

  The Key To Excellent Speaking

  实现卓越口语的关键

  What is the most important English skill? What skill must you have to communicate well?

  最重要的英语技能是什么?达到有效沟通所必须的技能是什么?

  Obviously, number 1 is Fluency. What is fluency? Fluency is the ability to speak (and understand) English quickly and easily… WITHOUT translation. Fluency means you can talk easily with native speakers-- they easily understand you, and you easily understand them. In fact, you speak and understand instantly.

  显而易见,关键是要流畅表达。那么什么是流畅表达呢?流畅表达是不需要考虑就能快速和轻松说(理解)英语的能力,表示你能够容易地与当地人进行交谈,交谈双方能轻松地相互理解。也就是说,你能够立即表达和理解。

  Fluency is your most important English goal.

  流畅表达是学习英语最重要的目标。

  The research is clear-- there is only ONE way to get fluency. You do not get fluency by reading textbooks. You do not get fluency by going to English schools. You do not get fluency by studying grammar rules.

  研究表明,只有唯一一个途径能实现流畅表达。你既不能通过阅读课本、也不可能通过上英语学校或者通过学习语法来达到。

  To get English fluency, you must have a lot of understandable repetitive listening. That is the ONLY way. To be a FANTASTIC English speaker, you must learn English with your ears, not with your eyes. In other words, you must listen. Your ears are the key to excellent speaking.

  想要说一口流利的英语,你必须要进行大量能理解的重复性听力训练,这是达成目标的唯一方法。要成为了不起的英语表达者,你必须通过耳朵来学英语而不是眼睛。也就是说,你一定得听,你的耳朵才是实现卓越口语的关键。

  What kind of listening is best? Well, it must be understandable and must be repetitive. Both of those words are important-- Understandable and Repetitive.

  怎样的听力训练才是最好的呢?那就是:听力材料必须是你能理解的,而且要反复听。这两点都很重要——理解和反复。

  If you don't understand, you learn nothing. You will not improve. That's why listening to English TV does not help you. You don't understand most of it. It is too difficult. It is too fast.

  假如你对所听内容不理解,你将学不到任何东西,也就得不到提高。那就是为什么听英文电视对你没有帮助,它对你来说太难、太快了,你几乎不明白它在讲什么。

  It's obvious right? If you do not understand, you will not improve. So, the best listening material is EASY. That's right, you should listen mostly to easy English. Most students listen to English that is much too difficult. They don't understand enough, and so they learn slowly. Listen to easier English, and your speaking will improve faster!

  这个观点显然是正确的吧?如果不理解,就无法提高。所以,最好的听力材料是容易懂的材料。没错,你应该将主要精力用于听简单的东西。大多数学生选择的听力材料太难了,他们不能充分理解,学起来就很慢。试着去听容易些的材料,那样你的口语会提高得更快。

  Understanding is Only Half The Formula.

  理解只是方法的一半。

  Understanding is not enough. You must also have a lot of repetition. If you hear a new word only once, you will soon forget it. If you hear it 5 times, you will still probably forget it!

  光理解还不够,你必须要进行大量的重复。如果一个新单词你只听过一次,那么很快你就会把它忘记;如果你重复听五次,可能还是会忘记。

  You must hear new words and new grammar many times before you will understand them instantly.

  在你能够自如的理解新单词和语法规则之前,你必须要反复听上很多次。

  How many times is necessary? Most people must hear a new word 30 times to remember it forever. To know a word and instantly understand it, you probably need to hear it 50-100 times!

  必须听多少次呢?对于大多人来讲,要想彻底记住一个新词,必须重复30次;要想认识一个新词并立刻明白它的意思,你可能需要听上50至100次。

  So, the two most important points are: listen to easier English and listen to each thing many times.

  所以,最重要的两点是:听较为容易的材料,并将每一个材料反复听。

  Listening Is The Key

  听是关键自己可能遇到的场景,研究出这些话题所涉及的词汇和句型,才能真正打破口语交流关。

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